Association between animal protein intake, oral frailty and calf circumference in middle-aged and older adults: a cross-sectional analysis from the Shika study
Toshinari Takamura,
Keita Suzuki,
Hiroyuki Nakamura,
Akinori Hara,
Atsushi Tajima,
Fumihiko Suzuki,
Hirohito Tsuboi,
Shigefumi Okamoto,
Shingo Nakai,
Sakae Miyagi,
Hiromasa Tsujiguchi,
Thao Thi Thu Nguyen,
Yukari Shimizu,
Koichiro Hayashi,
Tomoko Kasahara,
Masaharu Nakamura,
Chie Takazawa,
Aya Ogawa,
Aki Shibata,
Takayuki Kannon,
Noriyoshi Ogino,
Tadashi Konoshita,
Kuniko Sato
Affiliations
Toshinari Takamura
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
Keita Suzuki
Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Hiroyuki Nakamura
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Akinori Hara
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Atsushi Tajima
Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Fumihiko Suzuki
Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Ohu University School of Dentistry, Koriyama, Japan
Hirohito Tsuboi
Graduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Japan
Shigefumi Okamoto
Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Microbiome, Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
Shingo Nakai
Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Sakae Miyagi
Innovative Clinical Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Hiromasa Tsujiguchi
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Thao Thi Thu Nguyen
Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Viet Nam
Yukari Shimizu
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Japan
Koichiro Hayashi
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Tomoko Kasahara
Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Masaharu Nakamura
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Chie Takazawa
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Aya Ogawa
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Aki Shibata
Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Takayuki Kannon
Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
Noriyoshi Ogino
Department of Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kochi University, Kochi, Japan
Tadashi Konoshita
Division of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism, Yachiyo Medical Center, Tokyo Women`s Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Japan
Kuniko Sato
Laboratory of Clinical Cognitive Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
Objective To investigate the relationship between oral frailty (OF), nutrient intake and calf circumference (CC) in middle-aged and older adults.Design Cross-sectional study.Setting Residents of four model districts of Shika town, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, using data from November 2017 to February 2018.Participants One hundred and ninety-four residents aged ≥50 years in four model districts of Shika town. The OF total score ≥3 was defined as OF. Participants were divided into OF and non-OF groups and divided into the low-CC/kg and the high-CC/kg groups.Outcome measures The primary outcome is to use a two-way analysis of covariance to analyse the interaction between the two CC/kg groups and the two OF groups on nutrition intake. The secondary outcome is to use multiple regression analysis to investigate the nutrients significantly related to CC/kg when stratified by OF, with age, sex, body mass index, drinking status, smoking status and regular exercise as input covariates.Results A two-way analysis of covariance revealed a significant interaction between the two CC/kg groups and the two OF groups on animal protein intake (p=0.039). Multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni analysis revealed a significantly lower animal protein intake in the OF group than in the non-OF group with a low CC/kg (p=0.033) but not in the group with a high CC/kg. The multiple regression analysis stratified by OF revealed a positive correlation between animal protein intake and CC/kg (p=0.002).Conclusions The present results revealed a significantly lower animal protein intake in the OF group than in the non-OF group in the low-CC/kg group, but no such difference was observed in the high-CC/kg group. Further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate this relationship.
