GEOCHEMICAL ANOMALIES OF HEAVY METALS IN THE SOILS OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC LANDSCAPES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KRASNOURALSKY INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX)

Abstract

Relevance. With the development of industrial society, soils are increasingly exposed to various man-made factors, which leads to a violation of their functionality, including the impact on productivity, growth and development of representatives of flora and fauna. In the areas of operation of mining processing plants, it is especially important to monitor changes in soils and their general ecological condition. The formation of abnormal areas with a high content of heavy metals in soils leads to a modification of soil types and, as a consequence, the loss of economic potential for their use. Objective: to establish the ways of formation of anomalies in the impact zone of the mining and metallurgical combine LLC «Svyatogor», located in the vicinity of the city of Krasnouralsk, Sverdlovsk region. Objects: soils of the adjacent territory in the area of operation of the mining and metallurgical combine (the vicinity of the city of Krasnouralsk, Sverdlovsk region). Methods. In nitric acid soil extracts, the gross content of Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu was determined by inversion voltammetry. According to the obtained analysis data, data sampling, statistical processing, calculation of the anomaly threshold and further construction of diagrams of the distribution of anomalous areas with overlay on the terrain map using the method of radial basis functions were carried out. Results. According to the obtained data on the concentrations of heavy metals in the soil and the diagrams of abnormal zones, the thresholds of abnormal concentrations are determined (mg/kg) Cd=0,3; Zn=71,8; Pb=31,0; Cu=176,5. Abnormal zones with exceeding threshold concentrations are concentrated in the area of the plant and local areas in the north-east direction. To the illuvial part of the profile, the abnormal content of all metals decreases and is concentrated only in places near the source of the plant's emissions. In the upper soil horizons, concentrations exceed the anomaly threshold by tens of times. The obtained anomalous values confirm an increase in background concentrations of zinc, cadmium, lead and copper in the soils of the studied area.

Keywords

• technogenesis
• anomalous zones
• heavy metals
• soils
• krasnouralsk