Acta Scientiarum: Animal Sciences (Jul 2009)
Estresse térmico sobre a seleção da dieta por bovinos = Heat stress on diet selection by cattle
Abstract
A capacidade dos bovinos de selecionar volumoso e concentrado em suas dietas em função de diferentes temperaturas foi estudada em 12 vacas fistuladas, durante 30 dias. Utilizou-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos: conforto (galpão, 21oC) e estresse (câmara bioclimática, 38oC), sendo a dieta composta por cana-de-açúcaracrescida de ureia e concentrado, alimentos oferecidos separadamente e à vontade. A capacidade de seleção dos animais foi identificada pela comparação da composição da dieta selecionada nos dois diferentes ambientes, assim como pelos parâmetros ruminais e digestibilidade. Foi observada redução (p The ability of cattle to select the roughage and concentrate in their diets under different environmental temperatures was studied in 12 cannulated cows, during 30 days. The experimental design was completely randomized with two treatments: thermal comfort (21oC) and thermal stress (climatic chamber, 38oC). Cows were fed a diet of sugar cane plus urea and concentrate mixture, which were offered separately and ad libitum. The ability of cows to select their diets was identified by comparing the composition of diet selected in different environments, as weel as ruminal parameters and diet digestibility. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) of 22% on total dry matter intake was observed in animals kept under heat stress compared to animals kept under comfort temperature, while concentrate:roughage ratio chosen was similar for both treatments. Ruminal parameters were equal for both treatments, while digestibility of dry matter and some of its fraction were reduced in stressed animals. Animals under heatstress decreased dry matter intake without changing dietary energy or fiber levels, probably attempting to maintain the stability of ruminal environment.
