Glibenclamide - profile of efficacy and safety

Abstract

Glibenclemide is the most effective drug among oral hypoglycemic ones. The efficacy of this drug is determined by its unique chemical structure thatcontains sulfonylurea, not only ring, but also benzamid group in the side chain. This provides the maximum affinity for SUR 1 on the betbeta-cell ATP-dependentK+ channels and ability to associate with SUR 2A cells in the peripheral tissues such as cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells of the vascular walland adipocytes. However, this feature can increase the risk of hypoglycemic states and have a negative effect on the cardiovascular system. We considerdata from clinical studies proving the efficacy and safety of the drug, which were based on evidence of long-term observations, and which demonstratedreduced risk of vascular complications of diabetes, compatibility with drugs of other groups, and possibility to use in elderand multimorbid patients. Glibenclamidewas evaluated by prestigious H.G. Creutzfeldt Drug Prize in 2010. It is the only SCI listed essential medicine of the World Health Organization.

Keywords

• type 2 diabetes treatment
• insulin secretion
• sulfonylurea receptor - sur
• k + atp channels
• ischemic preconditioning
• hypoglycemia