Animal-assisted therapy in patients affected by schizophrenia and schizophrenic-related disorders: A scoping review

Abstract

Introduction: Schizophrenia poses significant challenges in psychiatric care. Amidst established practices such as pharmacological therapy and psychotherapy, Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is gaining attention as a potential approach to enhance the psychophysical well-being of patients with schizophrenia. This scoping review aims to map the existing literature on the impact of AAT on schizophrenia, focusing on changes in symptoms and overall well-being of affected individuals and identifying potential areas for intervention and future research. Methods: A systematic search was conducted from August to September 2023 using a scoping review methodology. The review encompassed international biomedical databases, including PubMed, Cinahl, PsycINFO, and Embase, and incorporated additional resources such as relevant textbooks and gray literature. Results: The review highlights AAT as a promising co-therapeutic approach, demonstrating benefits across physical, mental, emotional, and social dimensions in schizophrenia patients. It is particularly noted for its potential in alleviating the disorder's negative symptoms. Discussion and Conclusions: The findings of this scoping review suggest that AAT could play a significant role in treating and managing schizophrenia, enhancing patient well-being and treatment adherence. However, the review also reveals gaps in current research and emphasizes the need for further studies to establish a more robust evidence base. This would aid in better understanding the efficacy of AAT and in integrating it effectively into mental health care practices for schizophrenia

Keywords

• animal-assisted therapy
• review
• schizophrenia
• well-being