Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles Decorated with Methylene Blue Potentiated the Photodynamic Inactivation of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
Paramanantham Parasuraman,
Thamanna R. Y,
Chitra Shaji,
Alok Sharan,
Ali H. Bahkali,
Helal F. Al-Harthi,
Asad Syed,
V.T. Anju,
Madhu Dyavaiah,
Busi Siddhardha
Affiliations
Paramanantham Parasuraman
Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
Thamanna R. Y
Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
Chitra Shaji
Department of Physics, School of Physical, Chemical & Applied Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
Alok Sharan
Department of Physics, School of Physical, Chemical & Applied Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
Ali H. Bahkali
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Helal F. Al-Harthi
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Asad Syed
Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O.Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
V.T. Anju
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
Madhu Dyavaiah
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
Busi Siddhardha
Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India
The persistence of multidrug resistance among microorganisms has directed a mandate towards a hunt for the development of alternative therapeutic modalities. In this context, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is sprouted as a novel strategy to mitigate biofilms and planktonic cells of pathogens. Nanoparticles (NPs) are reported with unique intrinsic and antimicrobial properties. Therefore, silver NPs (AgNPs) were investigated in this study to determine their ability to potentiate the aPDT of photosensitizer against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biologically synthesized AgNPs were surface coated with methylene blue (MB) and studied for their aPDT against planktonic cells and biofilms of bacteria. The nano-conjugates (MB-AgNPs) were characterized for their size, shape and coated materials. MB-AgNPs showed significant phototoxicity against both forms of test bacteria and no toxicity was observed in the dark. Moreover, activity of MB-AgNPs was comparatively higher than that of the free MB, which concludes that MB-AgNPs could be an excellent alternative to combat antibiotic resistant bacteria.
