Impact of changes in groundwater regime on crop yields

Abstract

In Uzbekistan, groundwater use in agriculture is 3-5 km3 per year. This creates the basis for achieving high yields of agricultural crops in conditions of low water. The article presents the results of scientific research on the impact of groundwater level, salinity, amount, and rate of irrigation on the yield of winter wheat in the Syrdarya region in an area with a groundwater level of 1-3 m and a mineralization of 1-3 g/l. The experiments were carried out in slightly, medium, and highly saline areas of the Syrdarya region. As a result, at a groundwater level of 1.5 m in areas with high salinity, the yield was 26.8 q/ha, in areas with medium salinity – 51.2 q/ha and in areas with low salinity – 58.5 q/ha.