Results in Engineering (Jun 2024)
State-of-the-art hybrid lubrication (Cryo-MQL) supply systems, performance evaluation, and optimization studies in various machining processes
Abstract
Despite offering significant advantages in machining, cutting fluids have contributed to substantial environmental concerns. Dry machining, although considered a more environmentally friendly option, falls short in providing effective solutions for processing difficult-to-cut materials. Consequently, extensive research is underway to explore alternative greener machining solutions such as Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL), cryogenics, vegetable-based fluids, and hybrid strategies like Cryo-MQL. Among them, Cryo-MQL lubrication combines two sustainable machining techniques that have been widely adopted to improve the machinability of difficult-to-cut materials. This paper reviews published articles over the last six years to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current literature related to Cryo-MQL techniques, its supply systems, machinability evaluation, and optimization studies compared to other cooling and lubrication methods. Results, summarized based on reviewed articles, suggest that Cryo-MQL is an effective technique for improving the machinability of many difficult-to-cut materials in comparison to other cooling/lubrication environments. A comprehensive discussion on different supply systems; external, internal, and hybrid, for delivering Cryo-MQL mediums has also been presented in this review. It was found that hybrid technique offers favorable lubrication and cooling conditions, and advantageous in reducing the machining heat and enormous temperature. Therefore, its application can enhance the metal cutting process and benefit the manufacturing sector. Lastly, the parametric optimizations of cryogenic and MQL agents in hybrid technology can substantially improve lubrication and cooling effectiveness, leading to better surface finish, tool life, reduced cutting forces, and lower machining temperatures.
