Prospects for targeted therapy of Graves' disease: A review

Abstract

The high prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases and the low effectiveness of treatment are the great of the reasons for long-term disability and high disability of patients. Significant progress in the study of immunological mechanisms of the development of autoimmune thyroid pathology has been achieved. These findings evidences provide new directions in the treatment of these diseases. Graves' disease is a classic autoimmune disease characterized by the formation of stimulating antibodies to the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor and manifested by the thyrotoxicosis clinic. The main methods of treating Graves' disease are the conservative thyrostatic therapy, radioiodotherapy and thyroidectomy during past 70 years. At the same time, each of these methods of treatment has its own contraindications adverse invents and it is required new approaches in the treatment of these diseases. Treatment with the use of modern biological drugs makes it possible to selectively affect the main mechanisms of autoimmune damage in Graves' disease with minimal systemic effect on the body. The review examines the main pathogenetic mechanisms of Graves' disease and endocrine ophthalmopathy, as well as highlights the issues of correction of these disorders using targeted therapy.

Keywords

• targeted therapy
• pathogenes
• graves' disease
• endocrine ophthalmopathy