Avtomobilʹnyj Transport (Harʹkov) (Oct 2019)
Calculation of Еnergy Сonsumption of Тraction Batteries for Electric Vehicles
Abstract
Problem. The article is devoted to the problem of improving the environmental safety of electric vehicles and reducing energy costs for their movement. Only in 2019, 2.6 million electric cars are planned to be sold, which will increase their total number to 7.6 million. The investments in development of electric vehicles double annually. In this study, the justification of the energy intensity and the corresponding mass of TAB for electric vehicles driven in the mode of “only electricity” was conducted. The most promising hybrid vehicles are those that are capable of generating energy in the TAB from stationary sources of electricity, the so-called Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle (PHV) system. Goal. The goal is achieved by justifying the capacity of traction batteries for powering hybrid vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, electric vehicles. Methodology. To increase the economy and ecological safety of the vehicles, an experimental hybrid vehicle based on ZAZ Lanos Pickup was created at the Department of Automobile Electronics of KhNAHU, which was also selected as an analogue. The Lanos Pickup Hybrid ZAZ uses a 15 kW electric motor, the TAB includes 20 TS-LFP90AHA lithium iron phosphate batteries with a total capacity of 5.76 kWh. The mass of the TAB unit does not exceed 65 kg. The Department of Automobile Electronics conducted full-scale tests of the hybrid ZAZ Lanos Pickup under real operational conditions. Conclusions. The calculation results show that the maximum mass of an electric vehicle's TAB can be 636 kg. This is almost 1/2 of the mass of the entire electric vehicle. The energy capacity of such a battery is 84.8 kWh, which is sufficient to overcome 800 km. In each case, a compromise between the battery capacity and weight must be chosen. The capacity of the TAB of a hybrid electric car can be selected from 5.3 to 12.72 kWh, depending on the desired run in the “only electricity” mode from 50 to 120 km. The capacity of the TAB of a hybrid vehicle can be selected from 1.06 to 5.3 kWh, depending on the desired run in the “only electricity” mode.
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