Cancers (Sep 2018)

A Dietary Intervention to Lower Serum Levels of IGF-I in BRCA Mutation Carriers

  • Patrizia Pasanisi,
  • Eleonora Bruno,
  • Elisabetta Venturelli,
  • Daniele Morelli,
  • Andreina Oliverio,
  • Ivan Baldassari,
  • Francesca Rovera,
  • Giovanna Iula,
  • Monica Taborelli,
  • Bernard Peissel,
  • Jacopo Azzollini,
  • Siranoush Manoukian

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10090309
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 9
p. 309

Abstract

Read online

Background: Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and other markers of insulin resistance (IRm) might influence the penetrance of BRCA gene mutation. In a demonstration project on BRCA mutation carriers we tested the effect of the ‘Mediterranean diet’, with moderate protein restriction, on serum levels of IGF-I and IRm. Methods: BRCA mutation carriers, with or without breast cancer, aged 18–70 years and without metastases were eligible. After the baseline examinations, women were randomized to an active dietary intervention or to a control group. The intervention group attended six full days of life-style intervention activities (cookery classes followed by lunch, sessions of walking for 45 min and nutritional conferences) over the next six months. Results: 213 BRCA mutation carriers completed the six-month study. Women in the intervention group (110) showed major changes in all the parameters under study. They significantly lost weight (p < 0.001), fat mass (p = 0.002), with reduced hip circumference (p = 0.01), triglycerides (p = 0.02) and IGF-I (p = 0.02) compared with controls. They also had a significantly higher levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFI-BP3) (p = 0.03) and a lower IGF-I/IGFI-BP3 ratio (p = 0.04). The reduction of serum levels of IGF-I was significantly associated with the reduction in the consumption of animal products (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Women in the intervention group showed significant improvements in IGF-I and in other IRm that might influence the penetrance of BRCA mutations.

Keywords