Guangdong nongye kexue (Nov 2023)
Molecular Marker-Assisted Selection of Green Shank and White Feather Traits in Chickens
Abstract
【Objective】The shank and feather color, as the characteristic traits of breeds, which remains an important selective trait in the breeding process of new varieties. This study attempts to analyze the formation mechanism of green shank and white feather through molecular biology techniques and establish a molecular marker-assisted selection scheme for the above traits.【Method】The BCO2 gene was selected as the candidate gene for the formation of green and yellow shank, and the target site on the BCO2 was typed by sequencing to analyze the relationship between the locus and different traits. The MC1R, PMEL17 and TYR encoding extended locus e, dominant white I and recessive white C were used as candidate genes related to white feather, and the recessive white Plymouth Rock breeds, fast-and-big-type white-feather broiler, synthetic recessive white line and hybrid offspring white feather individuals were used as experimental materials. The relevant candidate mutations were genotyped by Sanger sequencing, and the relationship between the polymorphism of related genes and traits was analyzed.【Result】(1) The green and yellow shank trait is the result of the interaction of melanin in the dermis and the yellow scale in the shank. Mutations in the BCO2 gene are key to the formation of trait of green and yellow shank. The mutations site in 342 bp can be used for molecular marker-assisted selection of correlated traits. Purification can be achieved by eliminating CT genotype individuals. (2) The recessive white gene locus of synthetic recessive white line is cc, which is caused by a nonrecessive white mutation in the offspring white feathers. (3) The hybrids white feather offspring all carry the dominant white allele I encoded by the PMEL17 gene, all of which are heterozygous genotype Ii. (4) The hybrid white feather offspring all carry the E and ER alleles encoded by the MC1R gene. (5) The dominant white mutant alleles I, E and ER alleles are all derived from fast-and-big-type white-feather broiler.【Conclusion】The green shank trait is caused by a mutation in the BCO2 gene that controls the skin color. The SNP located at 342 bp of the amplified fragment can be used for molecular marker-assisted selection for this trait. The formation of white feather has no relation with recessive white mutation, which is mainly due to PMEL17 mutations encoding dominant white allele I.
Keywords
