Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology (Jun 2024)

Biological features of fowl adenovirus serotype-4

  • Farooq Rashid,
  • Farooq Rashid,
  • Farooq Rashid,
  • Zhixun Xie,
  • Zhixun Xie,
  • Zhixun Xie,
  • You Wei,
  • You Wei,
  • You Wei,
  • Zhiqin Xie,
  • Zhiqin Xie,
  • Zhiqin Xie,
  • Liji Xie,
  • Liji Xie,
  • Liji Xie,
  • Meng Li,
  • Meng Li,
  • Meng Li,
  • Sisi Luo,
  • Sisi Luo,
  • Sisi Luo

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1370414
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14

Abstract

Read online

Fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) is highly pathogenic to broilers aged 3 to 5 weeks and has caused considerable economic loss in the poultry industry worldwide. FAdV-4 is the causative agent of hydropericardium-hepatitis syndrome (HHS) or hydropericardium syndrome (HPS). The virus targets mainly the liver, and HPS symptoms are observed in infected chickens. This disease was first reported in Pakistan but has now spread worldwide, and over time, various deletions in the FAdV genome and mutations in its major structural proteins have been detected. This review provides detailed information about FAdV-4 genome organization, physiological features, epidemiology, coinfection with other viruses, and host immune suppression. Moreover, we investigated the role and functions of important structural proteins in FAdV-4 pathogenesis. Finally, the potential regulatory effects of FAdV-4 infection on ncRNAs are also discussed.

Keywords