The Impact of COVID-19 on the Water Sector: A Review

Abstract

This paper provides a literature review of the impact of the COVID-19 spread-prevention measures on the water sectors, including general water network management, water quality and quantity, and wastewater treatment. Fifty-four papers are selected for the analytical review, and the results showed that the pandemic poses both positive and potential long term negative impacts to the water sector. In the short term, the limitations in mobility and industrial activities lead to the water use patterns shifts between especially the industrial and residential sector, and reduction in aquatic pollution discharge. But in the long run, the changes in the industrial development patterns and people’s lifestyle caused by the pandemic might also require further adaption and update of the current water networks. Understanding the interactions between the pandemic and water-related aspects is essential to ensure the urban water supply system is resilient in pandemic situations. As a response, this resilience can help to facilitate controlling and mitigating the spreading of the virus.