Revista Chilena de Obstetricia y Ginecología (Jan 2011)
¿Existe un aumento de los nacimientos en Chile en el período 2000-2009?: Análisis de los principales indicadores materno-infantiles de la década
Abstract
Objetivo. Describir la tendencia en los nacimientos y los principales indicadores materno-infantiles en Chile desde el año 2000 al 2009. Método. Se realiza un análisis descriptivo de la información obtenida desde el Ministerio de Salud de Chile para el período estudiado. Resultados. Durante el período estudiado nacen aproximadamente 2.400.000 personas, se observa un significativo aumento en su número a partir del año 2004 al 2009 (+9,7%). Las tasas de mortalidad neonatal precoz, tardía, post neonatal e infantil fueron de 3,86; 1,18; 2,54 y 7,58 por 1000 nacidos vivos durante el año 2009, presentado un porcentaje de disminución de un 13,5; 8,4; 16,2; 13,7% respectivamente en comparación al año 2000. La mortalidad materna disminuyó en un 13,2% desde 19,7 a 17,1 por cien mil nacimientos en el mismo período. La prematurez (Objective. To describe the trend in annual live birth in Chile between 2000 and 2009, as well as the main descriptive statistics and health indicators associated. Methods. We performed a descriptive analysis form the database provided by the Department of Statistics and Information of the Chilean Ministry of Health. Data of 2.400.000 deliveries were analyzed from 2000 and 2009. We analyzed live births, maternal, fetal, infant mortality, as well as main descriptive characteristics by year. Results. The total of live births in Chile has progressively increased after the year 2005 until 2009 (+ 9.7%). The early neonatal, late neonatal, post neonatal mortality and mortality infant were 3.86, 1.18, 2.54 and 7.58 per 1000 live births in 2009, showing a decrease of 13.5; 8.4; 16.2; 13.7% respectively compared to 2000. Maternal mortality declined a 13.2% from 19.7 to 17.1 x 100.000 births in the same period. Prematurity (<37weeks) increased significantly in a 20.82% (5.96% to 7.2%). The biggest change is observed at late preterm birth 32-33 and 34-36 weeks (increase of 18% and 32% respectively). The rate of multiple births (two) significantly increased also in a 11%, from 1.66 to 1.84 x 100.000 birth. Conclusion. During the study period, a significant increase of total births, the percentage of primipare and mothers over 40 years was observed. It's also shown an increase in prematurity, low birth weight and the percentage of multiple pregnancies. The observed changes are associated with improved neonatal indicators.
