The therapeutic potential of MSC-EVs as a bioactive material for wound healing

Abstract

In clinical trials, cell therapy, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), contributed to wound treatment options in an innovative way. While, there are some limitations of MSC during the application process, including strict maintenance requirements and unpredictable differentiation. In order to expand the scope of application and reduce the restrictions related to direct use of SMC, the mechanisms of stem cells need to be studied. The latest research found that the effect of cell therapy is achieved mainly through paracrine effects, and the major bioactive vesicles which responsible for the paracrine effects is exosome. Exosome is a kind of extracellular membrane vesicle, which secreted from various cells and contain proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, to coordinate intercellular communication. In this review, the main cells type and cytokines relevant to every healing stage has been discussed, and the research about MSC-derived exosomes that has therapeutic effects has been summarized. At last, the potential application of exosomes as a bioactive material in the treatment of wound healing and related challenges as well as its possible solutions are discussed to reveal highly effective therapeutic strategies.

Keywords

• Exosomes
• Wound healing
• Mesenchymal stem cells
• Bioactive particles