Carbon nanotube composites for glucose biosensor incorporated with reverse iontophoresis function for noninvasive glucose monitoring

Abstract

Tai-Ping Sun1,2,5, Hsiu-Li Shieh2, Congo Tak-Shing Ching1,2,5, Yan-Dong Yao3, Su-Hua Huang4, Chia-Ming Liu1, Wei-Hao Liu1, Chung-Yuan Chen21Graduate Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technology, 2Department of Electrical Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Nantou, Taiwan, ROC; 3Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong; 4Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC; 5These authors contributed equally to this workAbstract: This study aims to develop an amperometric glucose biosensor, based on carbon nanotubes material for reverse iontophoresis, fabricated by immobilizing a mixture of glucose oxidase (GOD) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) epoxy-composite, on a planar screen-printed carbon electrode. MWCNT was employed to ensure proper incorporation into the epoxy mixture and faster electron transfer between the GOD and the transducer. Results showed this biosensor possesses a low detection potential (+500 mV), good sensitivity (4 μA/mM) and an excellent linear response range (r2 = 0.999; 0–4 mM) of glucose detection at +500 mV (versus Ag/AgCl). The response time of the biosensor was about 25 s. In addition, the biosensor could be used in conjunction with reverse iontophoresis technique. In an actual evaluation model, an excellent linear relationship (r2 = 0.986) was found between the glucose concentration of the actual model and the biosensor’s current response. Thus, a glucose biosensor based on carbon nanotube composites and incorporated with reverse iontophoresis function was developed.Keywords: amperometric, carbon nanotubes, glucose monitoring, biosensors, reverse iontophoresis