Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement (Jan 2015)
Effet de la profondeur d'enfouissement d'un amendement de moutarde brune sur le développement du piétin échaudage du blé
Abstract
Effect of the depth of brown mustard amendments in soil on wheat take-all disease. Description of the subject. The intercrop period is opportune for reducing the severity of soilborne diseases. Objectives. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of a biofumigant amendment according to its location in the soil. Method. An experiment combining different locations of wheat take-all inoculum and of ground brown mustard amendment was conducted under semi-controlled conditions. Results. At the early plant development stage (GS22), an inoculum localized in superficial soil horizons caused more disease than a deeper inoculum. However, it was possible to reduce significantly the level of infection through the addition of a brown mustard amendment, particularly when located in the top soil. At a later plant development stage (GS32), the location of the inoculum had no further visible effect on the severity of root infections but wheat growth increased when ground mustard was incorporated at the surface layer of the soil or at the same level as the inoculum. Conclusions. These results suggest firstly, that ground mustard amendment can reduce necrosis caused by wheat take-all and can allow increased plant growth, and secondly, that the effect depends on the relative locations of the amendment and of the inoculum.
