Anti-Proliferative Potential of Quercetin Loaded Polymeric Mixed Micelles on Rat C6 and Human U87MG Glioma Cells
Sathishbabu Paranthaman,
Chinnappa A. Uthaiah,
Riyaz Ali M. Osmani,
Umme Hani,
Mohammed Ghazwani,
Ali H. Alamri,
Adel Al Fatease,
SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula,
Devegowda Vishkante Gowda
Affiliations
Sathishbabu Paranthaman
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
Chinnappa A. Uthaiah
Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory, (a DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), Department of Biochemistry (a DST-FIST Sponsored Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
Riyaz Ali M. Osmani
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
Umme Hani
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed Ghazwani
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Ali H. Alamri
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Adel Al Fatease
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Guraiger, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
SubbaRao V. Madhunapantula
Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory, (a DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), Department of Biochemistry (a DST-FIST Sponsored Department), JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
Devegowda Vishkante Gowda
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
Quercetin (Qu) is a natural flavonoid present in many commonly consumed food items and is also identified as a potential anticancer agent. The present study evaluates the Qu-loaded polymeric mixed micelles (Qu-PMMs) against C6 and U87MG glioma cell lines. The Box–Behnken Design (BBD) was employed to study the influence of independent variables such as Soluplus, Vitamin-E polyethyleneglycol-1000 succinate (E-TPGS), and poloxamer 407 concentrations on dependent variables including particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), and percentage entrapment efficiency (%EE) of the prepared Qu-PMMs. The Qu-PMMs were further characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and were assessed for in vitro drug release, effect on cell viability, migration, cellular uptake, and apoptosis assays. The PS, PDI, and % EE of the optimized PMMs were 107.16 ± 1.06 nm, 0.236 ± 0.053, and 77.46 ± 1.94%, respectively. The FTIR and XRD revealed that the Qu was completely entrapped inside the PMMs. The SEM analysis confirmed the spherical shape of micelles. The in vitro cell viability study showed that the Qu-PMMs had 1.7 times higher cytotoxicity against C6 and U87MG cells than Qu pure drug (Qu-PD). Furthermore, Qu-PMMs demonstrated superior cellular uptake, inhibited migration, and induced apoptosis when tested against C6 and U87MG cells than pure Qu. Thus, the polymeric mixed micelle (PMMs) enhanced the therapeutic effect of Qu and can be considered an effective therapeutic strategy to treat Glioma.
