Frontiers in Immunology (Feb 2024)

Multiple influence of immune cells in the bone metastatic cancer microenvironment on tumors

  • Shixin Chen,
  • Shixin Chen,
  • Shixin Chen,
  • Shixin Chen,
  • Jiangchu Lei,
  • Jiangchu Lei,
  • Jiangchu Lei,
  • Jiangchu Lei,
  • Haochen Mou,
  • Haochen Mou,
  • Haochen Mou,
  • Haochen Mou,
  • Wenkan Zhang,
  • Wenkan Zhang,
  • Wenkan Zhang,
  • Wenkan Zhang,
  • Lingxiao Jin,
  • Lingxiao Jin,
  • Lingxiao Jin,
  • Lingxiao Jin,
  • Senxu Lu,
  • Senxu Lu,
  • Senxu Lu,
  • Senxu Lu,
  • Eloy Yinwang,
  • Eloy Yinwang,
  • Eloy Yinwang,
  • Eloy Yinwang,
  • Yucheng Xue,
  • Yucheng Xue,
  • Yucheng Xue,
  • Yucheng Xue,
  • Zhenxuan Shao,
  • Zhenxuan Shao,
  • Zhenxuan Shao,
  • Zhenxuan Shao,
  • Tao Chen,
  • Tao Chen,
  • Tao Chen,
  • Tao Chen,
  • Fangqian Wang,
  • Fangqian Wang,
  • Fangqian Wang,
  • Fangqian Wang,
  • Shenzhi Zhao,
  • Shenzhi Zhao,
  • Shenzhi Zhao,
  • Shenzhi Zhao,
  • Xupeng Chai,
  • Xupeng Chai,
  • Xupeng Chai,
  • Xupeng Chai,
  • Zenan Wang,
  • Zenan Wang,
  • Zenan Wang,
  • Zenan Wang,
  • Jiahao Zhang,
  • Jiahao Zhang,
  • Jiahao Zhang,
  • Jiahao Zhang,
  • Zengjie Zhang,
  • Zengjie Zhang,
  • Zengjie Zhang,
  • Zengjie Zhang,
  • Zhaoming Ye,
  • Zhaoming Ye,
  • Zhaoming Ye,
  • Zhaoming Ye,
  • Binghao Li,
  • Binghao Li,
  • Binghao Li,
  • Binghao Li

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1335366
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 15

Abstract

Read online

Bone is a common organ for solid tumor metastasis. Malignant bone tumor becomes insensitive to systemic therapy after colonization, followed by poor prognosis and high relapse rate. Immune and bone cells in situ constitute a unique immune microenvironment, which plays a crucial role in the context of bone metastasis. This review firstly focuses on lymphatic cells in bone metastatic cancer, including their function in tumor dissemination, invasion, growth and possible cytotoxicity-induced eradication. Subsequently, we examine myeloid cells, namely macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, and megakaryocytes, evaluating their interaction with cytotoxic T lymphocytes and contribution to bone metastasis. As important components of skeletal tissue, osteoclasts and osteoblasts derived from bone marrow stromal cells, engaging in ‘vicious cycle’ accelerate osteolytic bone metastasis. We also explain the concept tumor dormancy and investigate underlying role of immune microenvironment on it. Additionally, a thorough review of emerging treatments for bone metastatic malignancy in clinical research, especially immunotherapy, is presented, indicating current challenges and opportunities in research and development of bone metastasis therapies.

Keywords