Dynamics of a Partially Confined, Vertical Upward-Fluid-Conveying, Slender Cantilever Pipe with Reverse External Flow

Abstract

A linear theoretical model is established for the dynamics of a hanging vertical cantilevered pipe which is subjected concurrently to internal and reverse external axial flows. Such pipe systems may have instability by flutter (amplified oscillations) or static divergence (buckling). The pipe system under consideration is a slender flexible cantilevered pipe hanging concentrically within an inflexible external pipe of larger diameter. From the clamped end to the free end, fluid is injected through the annular passage between the external pipe and the cantilevered pipe. When exiting the annular passage, the fluid discharges in the counter direction along the cantilevered pipe. The inflexible external pipe has a variable length and it can cover a portion of the length of the cantilevered pipe. This pipe system has been applied in the solution mining and in the salt cavern underground energy storage industry. The planar motion equation of the system is solved by means of a Galerkin method, and Euler–Bernoulli beam eigenfunctions are used as comparison functions. Calculations are conducted to quantify the effects of different confinement conditions (i.e., the radial confinement degree of the annular passage and the confined-flow length) on the cantilevered pipe stability, for a long leaching-tubing-like system. For a long system, an increase in the radial confinement degree of the annular passage and the confined-flow length gives rise to a series of flutter and divergence. Additionally, the effect of the cantilevered pipe length is studied. Increasing the cantilevered pipe length results in an increase of the critical flow velocity while a decrease of the associated critical frequency. For a long enough system, the critical frequency almost disappears.

Keywords

• salt cavern
• leaching tubing
• flutter instability
• flow-induced vibration
• internal and reverse external axial flows