Development of a social cognitive career theory scale for measuring the intention to select surgery as a career
Hsin-Yi Chiu,
Chi-Ming Chiang,
Yi-No Kang,
Chia-Che Chen,
Chien-Chih Wu,
Yu-Han Chiu,
Kung-Pei Tang,
Chih-Chin Kao,
Po-Li Wei
Affiliations
Hsin-Yi Chiu
Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 50, Lane 155, Section 3, Keelung Rd, Da'an District, Taipei, Taiwan; Corresponding author. Division of Thoracic surgery, department of surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No.252, Wu Hsing Street, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Chi-Ming Chiang
Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, No.15, Chezi Rd., Xindian Dist., 23155, Taiwan; Professional Master Program for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan
Yi-No Kang
Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Department of Education, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Health Care Management, College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing Health Sciences, No.365, Ming-Te Rd, Peitou District, Taipei City, Taiwan
Chia-Che Chen
Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan
Chien-Chih Wu
Department of Medical Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Division of Urology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan
Yu-Han Chiu
Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, No. 410, Boucke Building, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
Kung-Pei Tang
Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Department of Early Childhood and Family Education, College of Education, National Taipei University of Education, No.134, Sec. 2, Heping E. Rd., Da-an District, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
Chih-Chin Kao
Department of Education and Humanities in Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan
Po-Li Wei
Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taiwan; Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No. 252, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, Taipei Medical University, No. 250, Wuxing St, Xinyi District, Taipei, Taiwan; Corresponding author. Division of colorectal surgery, department of surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, No.252, Wu Hsing Street, Taipei City, Taiwan.
Background: Surgeon shortages have emerged as a prominent global issue. Although various studies have explored the factors that influence medical students in choosing surgery as a career, addressing the need for surgeons requires a multifaceted approach. However, there is currently a lack of a theoretically grounded scale to evaluate the effectiveness of surgical career development or policy promotion. Thus, this study aimed to develop a questionnaire for assessing the preference for a surgical career by adopting the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT). Materials and methods: The study aimed to develop the Social Cognitive Career Theory Scale toward Surgery (SCCTSS) by adopting the framework of SCCT. The questionnaire was created through expert consensus and the content validity index (CVI) calculation. Subsequently, a pilot version of the SCCTSS was administered to 222 medical students in their clinical clerkships, and the collected data underwent item analysis. Additionally, the validation of the SCCTSS by gender was performed. Results: The SCCTSS comprised 16 items that passed expert panel evaluation, with a CVI >0.8, mean ≥ 3.00, and an interquartile range ≤1. Item analysis demonstrated that the quality of the SCCTSS met the qualifying threshold. Furthermore, the SCCTSS questionnaire effectively validated gender differences in surgical career preference. Conclusions: We developed an internally consistent and reliable scale and validated it through an expert panel method and feedback from medical students. Further research is required to evaluate the targeted interventions that may assist in recruiting medical students into the field of surgery through the application of the SCCTSS.
