Tunable Fluid-Type Metasurface for Wide-Angle and Multifrequency Water-Air Acoustic Transmission
Zhandong Huang,
Shengdong Zhao,
Yiyuan Zhang,
Zheren Cai,
Zheng Li,
Junfeng Xiao,
Meng Su,
Qiuquan Guo,
Chuanzeng Zhang,
Yaozong Pan,
Xiaobing Cai,
Yanlin Song,
Jun Yang
Affiliations
Zhandong Huang
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
Shengdong Zhao
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Institute of Mechanics for Multifunctional Materials and Structures, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
Yiyuan Zhang
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
Zheren Cai
Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China
Zheng Li
Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China
Junfeng Xiao
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
Meng Su
Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China
Qiuquan Guo
Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518000, China
Chuanzeng Zhang
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Siegen, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
Yaozong Pan
Qingdao Branch of Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266114, China
Xiaobing Cai
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
Yanlin Song
Key Laboratory of Green Printing, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICCAS), Beijing Engineering Research Center of Nanomaterials for Green Printing Technology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Beijing 100190, China
Jun Yang
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen 518000, China
Efficient acoustic communication across the water-air interface remains a great challenge owing to the extreme acoustic impedance mismatch. Few present acoustic metamaterials can be constructed on the free air-water interface for enhancing the acoustic transmission because of the interface instability. Previous strategies overcoming this difficulty were limited in practical usage, as well as the wide-angle and multifrequency acoustic transmission. Here, we report a simple and practical way to obtain the wide-angle and multifrequency water-air acoustic transmission with a tunable fluid-type acoustic metasurface (FAM). The FAM has a transmission enhancement of acoustic energy over 200 times, with a thickness less than the wavelength in water by three orders of magnitude. The FAM can work at an almost arbitrary water-to-air incident angle, and the operating frequencies can be flexibly adjusted. Multifrequency transmissions can be obtained with multilayer FAMs. In experiments, the FAM is demonstrated to be stable enough for practical applications and has the transmission enhancement of over 20 dB for wide frequencies. The transmission enhancement of music signal across the water-air interface was performed to demonstrate the applications in acoustic communications. The FAM will benefit various applications in hydroacoustics and oceanography.
