Prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade abdominal, segundo parâmetros antropométricos, e associação com maturação sexual em adolescentes escolares Prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity according to anthropometric parameters and the association with sexual maturation in adolescent schoolchildren

Abstract

Este estudo objetivou estimar a prevalência de excesso de peso e obesidade abdominal em escolares segundo antropometria e maturação sexual. Foi um estudo transversal, incluindo 1.405 escolares de 10-14 anos, de ambos os sexos, residentes no Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, em 2007. Foi avaliado o índice de massa corporal (IMC), a circunferência da cintura (CC) e razão da cintura-estatura (RCEst). A maturação sexual foi auto-avaliada, definindo-se como precoce quando o escolar apresentava idade cronológica inferior à mediana de idade para o referido estágio. A prevalência de excesso de peso foi de 20,4% (IC95%: 18,3-22,6) e a de obesidade abdominal foi de 14,9% (IC95%: 13,1-16,9) para CC e 12,6% (IC95%: 10,9-14,4) para RCE. O IMC, a CC e a RCEst apresentaram uma forte correlação positiva (rho ≅ 0,8; p The objective of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity in schoolchildren according to anthropometric parameters and sexual maturation. A cross-sectional study was performed in 1,405 children of both genders aged 10-14 years, living in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil, in 2007. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were assessed. Sexual maturation was self-assessed. Early sexual maturation was defined as the chronological age below the median age for the referred stage. Prevalence of overweight was 20.4% (95%CI: 18.3-22.6), and abdominal obesity was 14.9% (95%CI: 13.1-16.9) and 12.6% (95%CI: 10.9-14.4) according to WC and WHtR, respectively. There was a strong positive correlation among BMI, WC, and WHtR (rho ≅ 0.8; p < 0.001). In both genders, the prevalence of overweight and abdominal obesity was higher in the final stages of sexual maturation (p < 0.05). The high prevalence of overweight requires urgent preventive measures and control. Therefore, the inclusion of sexual maturation for the assessment of nutritional status is recommended.

Keywords

• Obesidade Abdominal
• Maturidade Sexual
• Antropometria
• Estudantes
• Abdominal Obesity
• Sexual Maturation
• Anthropometry
• Students