Dietary Natural Plant Extracts Can Promote Growth and Modulate Oxidative Status of Senegalese Sole Postlarvae under Standard/Challenge Conditions
Maria J. Xavier,
Luís E. C. Conceição,
Luisa M. P. Valente,
Rita Colen,
Andreia C. M. Rodrigues,
Rui J. M. Rocha,
Luísa Custódio,
Carlos Carballo,
Manuel Manchado,
Sofia Engrola
Affiliations
Maria J. Xavier
CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Luís E. C. Conceição
SPAROS Lda., Área Empresarial de Marim, Lote C, 8700-221 Olhão, Portugal
Luisa M. P. Valente
CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
Rita Colen
CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Andreia C. M. Rodrigues
CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Rui J. M. Rocha
CESAM, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
Luísa Custódio
CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Carlos Carballo
IFAPA, Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón, S/N, 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Spain
Manuel Manchado
IFAPA, Centro El Toruño, Junta de Andalucía, Camino Tiro Pichón, S/N, 11500 El Puerto de Santa María, Spain
Sofia Engrola
CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Campus de Gambelas, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Plant extracts are known for their high content and diversity of polyphenols, which can improve fish oxidative status. A growth trial with Senegalese sole postlarvae (45 days after hatching) fed with one of four experimental diets—control (CTRL), and supplemented with curcumin (CC), green tea (GT), and grape seed (GS) extracts—was performed to assess if supplementation could improve growth performance and oxidative status. At the end of the growth trial, postlarvae were submitted to a thermal stress to assess their robustness. Sole growth was improved by CC and GS diets when compared to those fed the CTRL. CC and CTRL postlarvae presented the lowest oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation values). Stress-related biomarkers (heat shock protein 70 and glutathione-S-transferase) decreased in CC fish compared to those fed the CTRL diet, which might be due to a direct antioxidant capacity. In contrast, oxidative damage increased in GT and GS sole reared in standard conditions. However, after a thermal stress, GT and GS diets prevented the increase of protein carbonylation content and the decrease of antioxidant glutathione, depending on exposure time. Overall, dietary supplementation with natural extracts modulated oxidative status and stress response after a short/long-term exposure to temperature.
