Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences (Jan 2019)
Parlamento Dışı Muhalefet Örneği Olarak Siyasi Kadın Hareketleri: Dünyadan ve Türkiye’den Örnekler
Abstract
Whereas parliaments are the most significant tools for democracy to come into being, non-parliamentary powers could facilitate sound operation of democracies. Democracy's principle of pluralism appears in the parliament as the opposition parties. This principle is put into practice outside the parliament, as well. Particularly the nongovernmental organizations undertake this role. Besides, women have been used by the political power as a tool in the democratization processes and for the development of democracy. Gender equality has been presented as an important criterion in the development of democracy, which has been facilitated by granting political rights to women who previously remained in the background on political terms. In this research, an example of non-parliamentary opposition is studied with respect to the political role of women and women's associations and women's movements in Turkey and around the world. The basic assumption of the research is that the struggle against gender inequality in history has generated a non-parliamentary political opposition in the political arena. The way of opposition varies depending on the type of struggle. In Turkey, the government's granting rights to women as a part of the modernization efforts differed from the way of struggle in the West, which caused women's movements to progress in a different manner than those of the West. In order to analyze the results of this difference today, women's movements of the year 2017 are assessed to reveal out in which areas the demands of women's movements in Turkey and around the world came out in their opposing process. Historical and descriptive methods are used in the research. As an example of non-parliamentary opposition, the opinions and views of women's associations in Turkey and around the world against the political powers, are assessed with the descriptive method. The historical method of the research deals with the historical background of political movements of women as an example of non-parliamentary opposition.
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