The clinical impact of mRNA therapeutics in the treatment of cancers, infections, genetic disorders, and autoimmune diseases
Roham Deyhimfar,
Mehrnaz Izady,
Mohammadreza Shoghi,
Mohammad Hossein Kazazi,
Zahra Fakhraei Ghazvini,
Hojjatollah Nazari,
Zahra Fekrirad,
Ehsan Arefian
Affiliations
Roham Deyhimfar
Department of Stem Cells Technology and Tissue Regeneration, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Urology Research Center, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mehrnaz Izady
Department of Stem Cells Technology and Tissue Regeneration, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Mohammadreza Shoghi
Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Mohammad Hossein Kazazi
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, ON, Canada
Zahra Fakhraei Ghazvini
Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Hojjatollah Nazari
School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Zahra Fekrirad
Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Corresponding author. Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Ehsan Arefian
Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Pediatric Cell and Gene Therapy Research Center, Gene, Cell & Tissue Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Corresponding author. Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
mRNA-based therapeutics have revolutionized medicine and the pharmaceutical industry. The recent progress in the optimization and formulation of mRNAs has led to the development of a new therapeutic platform with a broad range of applications. With a growing body of evidence supporting the use of mRNA-based drugs for precision medicine and personalized treatments, including cancer immunotherapy, genetic disorders, and autoimmune diseases, this emerging technology offers a rapidly expanding category of therapeutic options. Furthermore, the development and deployment of mRNA vaccines have facilitated a prompt and flexible response to medical emergencies, exemplified by the COVID-19 outbreak. The establishment of stable and safe mRNA molecules carried by efficient delivery systems is now available through recent advances in molecular biology and nanotechnology. This review aims to elucidate the advancements in the clinical applications of mRNAs for addressing significant health-related challenges such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, genetic disorders, and infections and provide insights into the efficacy and safety of mRNA therapeutics in recent clinical trials.
