Comparison of Predictors of Mortality between Young and Elder Covid-19 Patients Admitted in Covid-19 Designated Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: The outbreak of Covid-19 has led to a health emergency and economic crisis worldwide. Mortality in productive age further worsens the crisis, so it is important to understand reasons for death in productive age group. Objective: To identify predictors of mortality and to compare the intensity of rise in inflammatory markers of amongst young Covid-19 decedents in comparison with elder Covid-19 decedents. Method: Record based study of Covid-19 infected admitted patients was conducted in tertiary care hospital. Information of all (n=3131, 209 deceased and 2922 recovered patients) Covid-19 positive patient assessed . Their clinico epidemiological markers were compared between younger (18-45 years) decedents in comparision with elder decedents (>45 years). Mann–Whitney U-test and the Chi-square test for significance were used. Bivariate Multiple logistic regression was used to identify predictors in younger and elder decedents. Results: Case Fatality Rate (CFR) in Covid-19 infected patients was 2.4% and 9.7% amongst younger and elder group respectively. (OR 8.83 : 95% CI 5.9-13.2; p < 0.001). Biomarkers were raised and similar in both groups except Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) was significantly higher in elder decedent while LDH was significantly higher in younger decedents. Conclusions: Males had higher CFR than females after 45 years of age, which was due to co-morbidity. Reaching late to the health care facility and high LDH were predictors in younger decedent, while male gender, co morbidities and high NLR were more important predictors in elder group.

Keywords

• bio markers
• covid 19
• female case fatality
• predictors
• young covid 19 deceased