Effects of Planting Density on Population Structure and Yield of Peanutin Two Rows with Big Ridge

Abstract

【Objective】In order to establish the reasonable planting density under the double-row planting model of large ridges and build a high-yielding peanut group model, the impact of the double-row planting density of large ridges (90 cm) on the characteristics, group structure changes and yield of peanut plants was studied.【Method】The semi-trailing type peanut variety 'Silihong' and the erect type 'Jihua26'were used as experimental materials. Set 6 planting densities: M1 (31.71×104 plants/hm2), M2 (27.75×104 plants/hm2), M3 (24.67×104 plants/hm2), M4 (22.20×104 plants/hm2), M5 (18.50×104 plants/hm2), M6 (15.85×104 plants/hm2), based on single ridge (60 cm) double-seed sowing (11.93×104 holes/hm2) as a comparison (CK). Determine the seedling rate, plant growth, SPAD value, dry matter accumulation and yield of each peanut variety under different density, and establish a reasonable group structure of peanuts and the optimal planting density of different varieties.【Result】The emergence time of different varieties was different under different planting densities, the emergence time of 'Silihong' was earlier than 'Jihua 26'. 25 days after sowing, the seedling rate of 'Silihong' was up to 100% at M3 density, 30 days after sowing, the seedling rate of 'Jihua26' was up to 100% at M3 density, which were significantly higher than other densities. With the decrease of planting density, the height of the main stem and the length of the side branch gradually increase with the decrease of the number of plants per unit area; the SPAD value tends to increase first and then decrease with the decrease of planting density; 'Jihua 26' with the decrease of density, the quality of dry matter showed a tendency to rise first and then decrease, and 'Silihong' the accumulated amount showed a trend of gradually increasing. With the reduction of planting density, the number of pods per plant, pod yield per plant and weight of 100-pod increased first and then decreased of the two experimental varieties, the highest value was under M4 density of 'Jihua26' and M5 density of 'Silihong', which were significantly higher than other densities. The yield of the two experimental varieties continues to increase, Jihua 26 at M4 density had highest yield was 7 956.67 kg/hm2 and 'Silihong' at M5 density had highest yield was 4 790.73 kg/hm2, compare to control increase 96.14% and 65.42% respectively.【Conclusion】Compared with the single-row double-seed planting mode, the large ridge double-row + single-seed planting mode can increase the peanut height, SPAD and dry matter accumulation. At the same time, the yield is improved. Under the condition that the density remains unchanged, peanuts can be changed from double-seed to single-seed precision sowing, which increases the yield. When planting in two rows of large ridges, the appropriate sowing density should be selected according to the type of peanut varieties. The M5 density of the semi-trailing type peanut varieties is the best, and the M4 density of the erect type peanut is the best.

Keywords

• peanut
• the semi-trailing type
• the erect type
• single-seed sowing
• population structure
• yield