Enhancing water security through site selection of water harvesting structures in semi-arid regions: a GIS-based multiple criteria decision analysis

Abstract

This research endeavors to develop a decision support tool aimed at ascertaining the optimal site selection for water harvesting structures in semi-arid regions, employing a geographic information system-based multiple criteria decision analysis approach. Water scarcity poses a formidable challenge in various countries, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas. Among the potential solutions, the adoption of water harvesting technologies stands out for capturing and storing rainwater to address water shortages. However, the effectiveness and efficiency of these structures hinge significantly on their precise placement. To address this issue, this paper introduces a comprehensive framework that integrates multiple criteria, encompassing rainfall intensity, land slope, soil type, and land use, to discern the most suitable locations for water harvesting structures. A practical application of the proposed methodology is demonstrated through a case study conducted in the Sabarmati river basin. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach in identifying highly suitable locations for water harvesting structures, ultimately contributing to the enhancement of water security in the region. HIGHLIGHTS Water scarcity challenges in semi-arid regions through the selection of optimal locations for water harvesting structures.; Proposed approach for identify the most suitable locations for water harvesting structures.; Used MCDA techniques for site selection of water harvesting structures.; Development of effective water management strategies that enhance water security and sustainability in semi-arid regions.;

Keywords

• analytical hierarchy process (ahp)
• gis
• semi-arid region
• site selection
• water harvesting