Nutrición Hospitalaria (Jun 2011)
Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en la población universitaria Adherence to a Mediterranean diet in a college population
Abstract
Objetivo: Determinar la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea de una población universitaria y analizar diversos factores que pudieran condicionar su calidad nutricional. Material y métodos: Distribución del test kidmed a una muestra aleatoria de 570 universitarios. El índice kidmed (de 0 a 12) indicaba si la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea era baja (de 0 a 3), media (de 4 a 7) o alta (de 8 a 12). De cada encuestado se registraba sexo, edad, peso, talla e índice de masa corporal, tipo de residencia y provincia de procedencia. Resultados: La muestra era de 217 varones y 353 mujeres con edades entre 18 y 25 años. El 9,5% de los universitarios tenían un índice kidmed bajo, el 62,1% intermedio y el 28,4% alto. Aquellos universitarios que vivían en residencia familiar tenían un porcentaje de alta adherencia (35,6%) significativamente superior (p Objective: To determine the adherence to the Mediterranean diet of a university population and to analyze several factors that may condition its nutritional quality. Material and methods: Distribution of the Kidmed test to a random sample of 570 university students. The Kidmed index (0-12) indicated whether the adherence to the Mediterranean diet was low (0-3), intermediate (4-7) or high (8-12). The gender, age, weight, height, and body mass index were gathered from each participant, as well as the type of residence and the province of origin. Results: The sample comprised 217 men and 353 women aged 18-25 years. 9.5% of the university students had a low Kidmed index, 62.1% intermediate, and 28.4% high. Those students living at their parental home had a high percentage of adherence (35.6%), significantly higher (p < 0.05) to that of those living at a student's residence (11.1%) or at a student's apartment (11.2%). Overweighed students had a low percentage of adherence (15.5%), significantly higher (p < 0.05) to those with a normal nutritional situation (8.5%). Conclusions: 71.6% of university students need to improve their dietary pattern (low to intermediate adherence to the Mediterranean diet), and we could observe a certain family factor of preservation of the traditional dietary habits. Those university students with low adherence had a higher risk for being overweighed. It would be convenient to develop nutritional education programs in the university curricula.
