New [SU(3)]4 realization of lepton/dark symmetry

Abstract

Extending the well-known SU(3)C×SU(3)L×SU(3)R model of quarks and leptons to include a fourth SU(3)N gauge factor, a new realization is obtained, different from leptonic color, which contains a lepton/dark symmetry with the help of an input Z4 symmetry. It is seen to encompass a previous extension of the standard model to SU(2)N lepton symmetry.