Selekcija i Semenarstvo (Jan 2019)
Marker assisted backcross breeding in Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje
Abstract
The backcross breeding is one of the most extensively used methods in different crop species. With the development of molecular genetics, molecular markers become widely used as a tool aiding conventional breeding. The main goal of marker assisted backcross breeding (MABB), a form of marker assisted selection (MAS), is to develop backcross progenies carrying the gene of interest with maximum recovery of the recurrent parent's genome (RPG). In this research, twelve inbred lines were chosen for the introgression of favourable alleles for several traits. Thirty SSR markers distributed throughout the whole genome were used to determine genetic similarity among these twelve lines and their BC4 progenies, i.e.to identify the genotypes with the highest proportion of recurrent parent's genome (RPG). Genetic similarity values ranged from 0.79 to 0.99(79-99% RPG).The 48% of progenies had RPG above theoretical value and they were self-pollinated for allele fixation. Also, 41% of them had 99%, what is the value theoretically achieved in BC6 generation. On the other hand, 52% of individuals had lower RPG content than theory predicts. The results of the research confirmed the advantage of using MABB compared to conventional approach, providing faster achievement of the goal, recovering the recurrent parent's genome in fewer generations of backcrossing and thus enabled enhanced selection efficiency and shortened the breeding process.
