Influence of head and neck positions on oropharyngeal seal pressure with Baska mask® versus I-gel™; A randomised clinical study

Abstract

Background and Aims: Oropharyngeal seal pressure (OSP) achieved by a supraglottic airway device holds due importance as it indicates the feasibility of positive pressure ventilation, the degree of airway protection from supra-cuff soiling and also relates to postoperative morbidity. The primary outcome measure was to assess and compare OSP in different head and neck positions with Baska mask® and I-gel™. Secondary outcome measures were to compare peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), exhaled tidal volume (ETV), ease of insertion, time taken for insertion, number of attempts, intraoperative manipulations, and postoperative airway morbidity with both the devices. Materials and Methods: Seventy consenting adults scheduled for a variety of surgical procedures under general anesthesia were allocated to Group B and Group G using Baska mask® and I-gel™ respectively. All statistical calculations were done using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science). The comparison of quantitative variables between the study groups was done using Student t-test and within the variables was done by paired t-test. For comparing categorical data, Chi-square (χ2) test was performed. Results: OSP was significantly higher in group B than in group G in all head and neck positions (neutral 33 ± 2.8 vs. 23.2 ± 1.8, flexion 35.5 ± 2.5 vs. 25.2 ± 1.6, extension 30.6 ± 2.7 vs. 21.4 ± 1.7, right lateral 32.6 ± 2.8 vs. 23.0 ± 1.5. left lateral 32.6 ± 2.7 vs. 23.1 ± 1.7 cm H2O, respectively) (P = 0.000). PIP increased significantly in group G as compared to group B in flexion. (P = 0.009). Baska mask® had significantly higher ETV in flexion compared to I-gel™. (P = 0.009). Conclusion: Baska mask® may provide a useful alternative to I-gel™ where the glottic seal has precedence over ease of insertion.

Keywords

• epiglottis
• glottis
• hoarseness
• pharyngeal muscles
• tidal volume