Cell Germ primary tumor of mediastinum (seminoma of mediastinum)

Abstract

Background: the anterior mediastinal germ cell tumor is a formation of neoplastic cells located in the mediastinum. They are formed by congenital defects in the embryonic stage by migration of the primordial germ cell and dermal cells that are within the gonads (germinal), being able to migrate and localize outside of these (extra gonadal) as the case presented, and to be located in the anterior mediastinum (Seminoma). The most reported location of the extra gonadal is in the anterior mediastinum. Objective: to describe a patient with primary tumor of germ cell of the anterior mediastinum. Clinical case: a 23-year-old male patient with a history of bronchial asthma attended the emergency room with a dry, frequent cough, weight loss of 7 kg in one month and fever of 38˚C for 2 days. At physical examination, slight mucous skin pallor, vesicular murmur abolished in right hemi-thorax without rales. After analytical studies, chest x-ray, computerized lung tomography and histological study, it was concluded as primitive extra-gonadal germ cell neoplastic of anterior mediastinum. Conclusions: the most frequent location of mediastinal germ cell tumors, extra-gonadal, is anterior mediastinum. They are the most frequent mediastinal solid tumors in men and affect between 20 and 40 years of age; being the case that occupies a male patient of 23 years, uncommon in clinical practice. DeCS: NEOPLASMS, GERM CELL AND EMBRYONAL/congenital; NEOPLASMS, GERM CELL AND EMBRYONAL/diagnosis; MEDIASTINAL NEOPLASMS; MEN; SEMINOMA.