Наукові горизонти (Jun 2019)
SPECIFICS OF CEREBRAL MORPHOLOGY, SPINAL BRAIN AND GYPOPHYSIS OF GREAT LARGE HOUSEHOLD
Abstract
The macro and microscopic structure of the cerebellum, spinal cord and pituitary gland of the sexually active bovine cattle (Bovine Cattle) is described in the work using anatomical, histological, neurohistological and morphometric techniques. Microscopically, the cerebellum in cattle consists of gray and white matter. Its bark is formed by appropriate layers – molecular (external), ganglionic (medium) and grainy (deepest) and characterized by unequal population of neurons that have a conditioned connection between the level of the morphofunctional state of nervous and innervated structures. According to the results of the research, the characteristics of the cerebellum of cattle have been determined, as indicated by its various absolute and relative masses, the shape of the cross section, morphometric indices of the structural components of the thickness of the histoarchitectonic layers, and the size of the nerve cells. Thus, the analysis of organometric studies shows that the absolute mass of the cerebellum in cattle is 72,59±0,94 g, the relative weight is 0,02±0,002 %. As a result of our morphometric studies, we have a different thickness of the cerebellum cortex: the largest thickness of the cerebellum cortex is characteristic of its molecular layer – 413,01±10,84 μm (53,2 %), slightly less in granular form – 313,60±13,84 μm (40,4 %) and the smallest in the ganglionic one – 49,03±1,94 μm (6,32 %). The total thickness of the cerebellum cortex in cattle is 775,64±26,62 μm. The transverse section of the thoracic spinal cord has a generally rounded form. According to the results, the area and shape of the transverse section of the spinal cord were determined. The area of the thoracic part is 73,45±0,84 mm². In this case, gray cerebrospinal fluid is 9,74±0,13 % (7,16±0,14 mm²) of the total spinal cord, white is 90,25±0,13 % (66,28±9,74 mm²) The ratio of gray to white cerebrospinal fluid in cattle is 9,74±0,13 %. Morphometric studies of the bovine spinal cord show a pronounced differentiation of nerve cells of different sizes, which is significantly expressed in the quantitative ratio of small, medium and large nerve cells. The hypophysis in the cattle has the form of a rounded corpuscle and consists of adeno- and neurohypophysis. The adenohypophysis consists of the anterior (distal), intermediate and tober particles. The fourth part of the pituitary gland is a neurohypophysis, which is by nature neuroglial. The organ cytophorectonics is represented by three types of cells: acidophilic, basophilic and chromophobic. The analysis of morphometric indices shows that the absolute mass of the pituitary gland is 4,45±0,18 g, the relative weight is 0,001 %.
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