Физическая культура. Спорт. Туризм. Двигательная рекреация (Nov 2020)
Choice of specialization of lower extremities in running and jumping disciplines of athletes
Abstract
There is a lot of questions concerning with lower limbs motor asymmetry nowadays. The aim of this study was to find out the ways and criterions of determining a take-off foot and the training planning related to lower limbs motor asymmetry. Coaches and athletes in track and fields’ running and jumping events were inquired. The choice of take-off foot doesn’t correlate with superior hand. The coordination features of the limb are more significant than the strength features for take-off foot. Athletes make a spontaneous choice. Coaches consider it necessary to choose a take-off foot purposefully, but it is not always carried out. Solving the problem of choosing take-off and swing legs is important in define the methods of training, taking into account the difference between the lower extremities during approach and take-off phases. Summary. Motor asymmetry specifies motor activity. Requirements for symmetry/asymmetry may vary in different sports. Lower limbs asymmetry functions are largely unclear in sports. Current literature doesn’t contain any information of factors which determine the choice of the leading and contralateral limbs in sports. Research problem ‒ the value of lower limbs symmetry/asymmetry and the determining take-off foot in sports. The purpose of this study was a substantiation of choice the take-off and swing leg in the running and jumping disciplines. The objective was to find out the urgent ways and criterions of determining a take-off foot in track and field as well as the peculiarities of planning the training process considering the lower limbs asymmetry. Methods. A questionnaire survey was carried out among coaches and athletes in running and jumping disciplines of track and field. Then the collected material was analysed. Results and discussion. The gathered data suggested that the choice of take-off foot wasn’t correlate with superior hand. The coordination features of the limb were more significant than the strength features for take-off foot. Coaches consider it necessary to choose a take-off foot purposefully, but it is not always carried out. However, athletes make a spontaneous choice in most cases. Conclusion. The number of right-footed and left-footed is the same; the choice of take-off foot doesn’t correlate with superior hand; the coordination features of the limb are significant here; a difference in lower limbs should be decreased during the training process.
