Prevalence of congenital colour vision deficiency among secondary school students in Ibadan, South-West Nigeria

Abstract

Aim: The aim was to determine the prevalence and pattern of congenital colour vision deficiency among secondary school students in Ibadan, Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among students from three public secondary schools through a multi-staged sampling method. Ocular examination including visual acuity assessment and colour vision test with the Ishihara plate was performed for all students. Further assessment with the Farnsworth-Munsell D-15 panel was performed for those who failed the Ishihara test. Results: One thousand six hundred and thirty-five students participated in the study. There were 769 (47.0%) males with mean age of 13.9 ± 1.9 years. The overall prevalence of congenital colour vision deficiency was 2.3% with prevalence of 3.8% and 0.9% in males and females, respectively, which was statistically significant (P = 0.00112), and equal proportion of deutans 11 (32.0%) and protans 12 (35.0%) ratio of 1:1.1. Conclusion: The prevalence of congenital colour vision deficiency among public secondary school students in Ibadan is comparable to findings in other parts of the country.

Keywords

• adolescents
• africa
• colour vision
• nigeria
• vision