Contemplation on Plot and Personification in Tehran Makhuf

Abstract

 Abstract Story is one of the important and influential literary genres that deserves to research on its structure and content .By study and analysis of a story, the reader could comprehend the textual messages and change his attitude toward life and different issues .After defining of the social novel, the author tries to analyze plot and personification in novel of “Tehran-e- Makhuf” and respond to the questions on the method employed for plot and personification and analyze it from plot and its components such as conflict, suspension and resolution and compare the differences and similarities between old tales and modern novels.  The plot of “Tehran-e- Makhuf” is not so complex due to its subject and content and natural order of events dominates on artificial discipline and it lacks open plot. Of main elements of plot, conflict is more outstanding here. This novel is full of emotional and moral conflicts and there is no similarity with historical novels that describe good and bad conflicts. Cause and effect relationship is main element of plot that shadows on the story events .In “Tehrna-e- Makhuf”, the author tries to violate the principles and cause to imbalance in natural events sequences with discomposing rational and experiential relationship and take action toward artificiality and unnatural suspension. In creating suspension by emphasis on incidences in some extremist cases, Kazemi tries to found the story based on the considerable sequence of events and this conduct reduces quality of the story significantly and leads to imbalance in rational and acceptable discipline.  Kazemi employs direct or reporting personification mostly. This novel lacks diversity in personage considerably .All characters speak in similar style and there is no particular speech style. The personification of Kazemi in “Tehran-e-Makhuf” is continuous and interdependent in style of old tales and novel in European account. In some cases, he approaches to story characters specifications and in other cases, he distances from traditional personification due to familiarity with western countries particularly Russian and French writers .Indeed, it can be said that personification in “Tehran-e- Makhuf” is passing from traditional to modern and western style. The characters of “Tehran-e- Makhuf” are classified in two categories: the first category involves aristocrats and their purpose is power and wealth and prevention of any social shift. They are identified by traits like “reveler”, “hypocrite”, “stingy” and “rich” .The characters like Siyavash Mirza, F.Saltaneh, Shazdeh and Ali Ashraf khan are in this group .The second category is identified by traits like “noble”, “loyal”, “sufferer “ and “patient” and they are common people. Characters like Farrokh, Javad, servant of Farrokh, Mahin and Efat are in this group and they are noble and humanely and good .The main and secondary personages are constant and static in this novel .They attend in the story without changing. All characters introduced by Kazemi in “Tehran-e- Makhuf” are real and they reflect society realities .The characters reflect historical and social realities of particular place and time