ImmunoTargets and Therapy (Apr 2024)

Comprehension of Calcitriol Levels in Pregnant Women With Latent Tuberculosis and Immune Function in their Newborns

  • Meirina F,
  • Sari DK,
  • Lubis IND,
  • Daulay RS,
  • Yani FF,
  • Lubis BM,
  • Sembiring RJ,
  • Pandia P,
  • Rusda M,
  • Amin MM

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 13
pp. 195 – 204

Abstract

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Fathia Meirina,1 Dina Keumala Sari,2 Inke Nadia Diniyanti Lubis,1 Rini Savitri Daulay,1 Finny Fitry Yani,3 Bugis Mardina Lubis,1 Rosita Juwita Sembiring,4 Pandiaman Pandia,5 Muhammad Rusda,6 Mustafa Mahmud Amin7 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; 2Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; 3Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Indonesia; 4Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; 5Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; 6Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; 7Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Fathia Meirina, Email [email protected]: Pregnant women with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) may develop active tuberculosis infection and could infect their neonates, which could impair the child’s immune system due to infection-mediated immunological responses. In order to develop a preventative TB program in this study, we desired to understand the impact of calcitriol in LTBI pregnant women and immunological responses in neonates.Patients and Methods: In three hospitals in Medan, North Sumatra, we implemented a case-control design with 84 pregnant women in their third trimester and their newborns. We determined the levels of calcitriol, cathelicidin, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in women between December 2021 and July 2022. These measurements were then compared to the newborns’ levels of calcitriol, cathelicidin, IFN-γ, and Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2. Analyses were performed using the Chi-squared and Fisher’s tests, while Spearman correlations were employed to assess for correlations.Results: 42 pregnant women with LTBI (interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) positive) and 42 pregnant women without LTBI (IGRA negative) participated in the study. The findings demonstrated that pregnant women with LTBI were at increased risk for calcitriol deficiency (Odds Ratio (OR) = 3.667, p = 0.006), which had an impact on the calcitriol levels of their unborn children (p = 0.038). TLR2 levels and calcitriol levels were substantially associated with LTBI pregnant women and their healthy neonates (p = 0.048; p = 0.005). Cathelicidin levels in the newborns of non-LTBI pregnant women were influenced by their higher calcitriol levels (p = 0.043). Pregnant women with LTBI had higher levels of cathelicidin and IFN-γ than those without it (p = 0.03; p = 0.001).Conclusion: Pregnant LTBI women’s calcitriol levels had an impact on the calcitriol levels of their newborns. Mother’s immunological responses and babies’ calcitriol levels affected the levels of cathelicidin, IFN-γ, and TLR2 in newborns.keywords: pregnancy, newborns, latent tb, calcitriol, immunity

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