Guan'gai paishui xuebao (May 2023)
Effects of Different Planting Patterns and Irrigation Quota on Cotton Growth and Yield
Abstract
【Objective】 In order to solve the problem of high impurity rate in current machine-harvested cotton planting patterns and clarify the suitable planting pattern and corresponding optimal irrigation quota for drip irrigation under mulch in southern Xinjiang. 【Method】 Treatments of two planting patterns (M1, three rows of cottons under one film with equal row spacing; M2, Six rows of cottons under one film with wide and narrow rows) and three irrigation quotas (W1, 30 mm; W2, 37.5 mm; W3, 45 mm) were conducted to investigate the coupling effects of different planting patterns and irrigation quota on cotton growth, bud and boll distribution, defoliation rate, yield and water use efficiency. 【Result】 The results showed that planting pattern significantly affected the plant height and stem diameter of cotton. Compared to M2 treatment, the plant height and stem diameter of M1 treatment increased by 30.29% and 13.45%, respectively; the plant height and stem diameter increased with increasing of irrigation quota, and little differences was found between W2 and W3 treatments, but significantly higher than that of W1 treatment. M1 planting mode is more conducive to increase the number of upper and inner bolls, and number of middle and upper bolls increased with increasing of soil water content, thus improved the cotton yield. Compared to M2 treatment, the number of bolls per plant, lint percentage, seed cotton yield and lint yield of M1 treatment increased by 65.72%, 1.46%, 3.33% and 6.87%, respectively. The seed cotton yield increased with increasing irrigation quota, but the differences of water use efficiency among treatments were not significant. The seed cotton yield was followed by W3>W2>W1, and no difference was found between W3 and W2 treatment. 【Conclusion】 Therefore, the equal row spacing planting mode under machine-harvested was recommended in southern Xinjiang, and the irrigation quota of 37.5 mm was adopted to promote cotton growth and achieve the purpose of increasing yield and efficiency.
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