Approximate solutions of randomized non-autonomous complete linear differential equations via probability density functions

Abstract

Solving a random differential equation means to obtain an exact or approximate expression for the solution stochastic process, and to compute its statistical properties, mainly the mean and the variance functions. However, a major challenge is the computation of the probability density function of the solution. In this article we construct reliable approximations of the probability density function to the randomized non-autonomous complete linear differential equation by assuming that the diffusion coefficient and the source term are stochastic processes and the initial condition is a random variable. The key tools to construct these approximations are the random variable transformation technique and Karhunen-Loeve expansions. The study is divided into a large number of cases with a double aim: firstly, to extend the available results in the extant literature and, secondly, to embrace as many practical situations as possible. Finally, a wide variety of numerical experiments illustrate the potentiality of our findings.

Keywords

• Random non-autonomous complete linear differential equation
• random variable transformation technique
• Karhunen-Loeve expansion
• probability density function