INVESTIGATION OF THE CHANGES OF LAKE SURFACE TEMPERATURES AND AREAS: CASE STUDY OF BURDUR AND EGIRDIR LAKES, TURKEY

Abstract

The world's average surface temperature has been increasing in recent decades. This situation is expected to affect aquatic systems and lakes are one of the most important aquatic systems. The main aims of this study are to examine Lake Surface Water Temperature (LSWT) and area changes of Burdur and Egirdir lakes located in the West Mediterranean Region (TR61) of Turkey for the years 1998, 2008 and 2018 using Landsat satellite images. For this purpose, initially, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI) images were generated and the lake shorelines were extracted by thresholding these images. Then, the LSWT values were obtained by using Landsat thermal images. Finally, the area and LSWT changes of Burdur and Egirdir lakes between the years 1998-2008-2018 and the relationships of these parameters with each other were analysed. The obtained results showed that the lake boundaries could be semi-automatically extracted with overall accuracy values higher than 95%. In 20-year time period it was also observed that the Burdur Lake area decreased significantly, while the Egirdir Lake area decreased slightly. When the LSWT values were analysed, it can be stated that the LSWT values increased in both lakes during this time period. The amount of increase in LSWT values was about 2.2 °C for Burdur Lake, while about 1.3 °C for Egirdir Lake.