Potential of circulating tumour DNA as a biomarker in liquid biopsy

Abstract

AbstractModern oncology has been influenced and transformed by precision and personalized medicine, especially with the introduction of personalized therapy. The ever-increasing knowledge of the genome contributes to the advancement of precision and personalized medicine. Liquid biopsy (LB) is a diagnostic approach with great potential for use in personalized medicine. LB is the isolation and analysis of tumour-derived components such as circulating tumour cells, circulating tumour DNA, circulating tumour RNA and tumour extracellular vesicles. The continuous development of new techniques in the field of LB holds promise for its widespread use. A challenge for scientists is the standardization of these techniques, allowing their application in clinical practice. This review presents the biological characteristics of circulating tumour DNA, popular methods for its detection and analysis, and its potential utility as a biomarker in liquid biopsy.

Keywords

• Liquid biopsy
• circulating tumour DNA
• personalized medicine