Journal of Inflammation Research (Feb 2022)
Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Metabolites Regulate Inflammation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Abstract
Jiangbo Ren,1,2,* Anli Ren,1,2,* Xizhi Deng,2 Zhengrong Huang,1 Ziyu Jiang,1 Zhi Li,2 Yan Gong1,3 1Department of Biological Repositories, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China; 3Human Genetics Resource Preservation Center of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yan Gong; Zhi Li, Tel +86 27 6781 1461; +86 27 6781 2622, Fax +86 27 6781 1471; +86 27 6781 3133, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a blinding eye disease, whose incidence strongly increases with ages. The etiology of AMD is complex, including aging, abnormal lipid metabolism, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) are essential for ocular structures and functions. This review summarizes the regulatory effects of LCPUFA on inflammation in AMD. LCPUFA are related to aging, autophagy and chronic inflammation. They are metabolized to pro- and anti-inflammatory metabolites by various enzymes. These metabolites stimulate inflammation in response to oxidative stress, causing innate and acquired immune responses. This review also discusses the possible clinical applications, which provided novel targets for the prevention and treatment of AMD and other age-related diseases.Keywords: inflammation, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, age-related macular degeneration
