Antioxidant and Anti-Urolithiatic Activity of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts from <i>Saussurea costus</i> (Falc) Lispich Using Scanning Electron Microscopy
Naima Mammate,
Fatima Ezzahra El oumari,
Hamada Imtara,
Salim Belchkar,
Anissa Lahrichi,
Ali S. Alqahtani,
Omar M. Noman,
Mahmoud Tarayrah,
Tarik Sqalli Houssaini
Affiliations
Naima Mammate
Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dental Medicine, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez 30070, Morocco
Fatima Ezzahra El oumari
Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dental Medicine, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez 30070, Morocco
Hamada Imtara
Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Arab American University Palestine, P.O. Box 240, Jenin 44862, Palestine
Salim Belchkar
Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dental Medicine, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez 30070, Morocco
Anissa Lahrichi
Laboratory of Biochemistry Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dental Medicine, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez 30070, Morocco
Ali S. Alqahtani
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Omar M. Noman
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Mahmoud Tarayrah
Groupe Hospitalier Cochin-Port Royal, Faculty of Medicine, Institute Cochin, CNRS, IN-SERM, Paris University, 75000 Paris, France
Tarik Sqalli Houssaini
Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dental Medicine, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez 30070, Morocco
The plant Saussurea costus (Falc) Lipsch has many biological activities and a strong curative and preventive power against a variety of diseases including cancer, diabetes, and hemorrhoids. In the current study, phytochemical screening was carried out as well as an investigation of the antilithiatic and antioxidant activities of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of this plant. The results showed that aqueous and ethanolic extracts were effective in reducing cystine stone mass and that the aqueous extract of Saussurea costus (Falc) Lipsch had the highest percentage of dissolution (6.756 ± 1.024) (p p −1. The DPPH method revealed that the ethanolic extract of Saussurea costus (Falc) Lipsch with a concentration of (IC50 = 0.12325 mg mL−1) had the highest IC50, whereas the FRAP method revealed that the aqueous extract of Saussurea costus (Falc) Lipsch with a concentration of 300 µg mL−1 has the most significant reducing power with (OD = 0.56 ± 0.05). These findings indicate that aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Saussurea costus (Falc) Lipsch had a significant effect on whewellite and weddellite and a greater free radical scavenging effect but had no effect on cystine dissolution.
