Frontiers in Public Health (Jul 2022)
Exposure to second-hand smoke is an independent risk factor of small airway dysfunction in non-smokers with chronic cough: A retrospective case-control study
- Bingrong Zhao,
- Bingrong Zhao,
- Bingrong Zhao,
- Bingrong Zhao,
- Bingrong Zhao,
- Lu Bai,
- Lu Bai,
- Lu Bai,
- Lu Bai,
- Lu Bai,
- Rongjun Wan,
- Rongjun Wan,
- Rongjun Wan,
- Rongjun Wan,
- Rongjun Wan,
- Yanan Wang,
- Yanan Wang,
- Yanan Wang,
- Yanan Wang,
- Yanan Wang,
- Ling Qin,
- Ling Qin,
- Ling Qin,
- Ling Qin,
- Ling Qin,
- Qiming Xiao,
- Qiming Xiao,
- Qiming Xiao,
- Qiming Xiao,
- Qiming Xiao,
- Pinhua Pan,
- Pinhua Pan,
- Pinhua Pan,
- Pinhua Pan,
- Pinhua Pan,
- Chengping Hu,
- Chengping Hu,
- Chengping Hu,
- Chengping Hu,
- Chengping Hu,
- Juan Jiang,
- Juan Jiang,
- Juan Jiang,
- Juan Jiang,
- Juan Jiang
Affiliations
- Bingrong Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Bingrong Zhao
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Bingrong Zhao
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Bingrong Zhao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- Bingrong Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Lu Bai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Lu Bai
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Lu Bai
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Lu Bai
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- Lu Bai
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Rongjun Wan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Rongjun Wan
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Rongjun Wan
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Rongjun Wan
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- Rongjun Wan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Yanan Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Yanan Wang
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Yanan Wang
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Yanan Wang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- Yanan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Ling Qin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Ling Qin
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Ling Qin
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Ling Qin
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- Ling Qin
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Qiming Xiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Qiming Xiao
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Qiming Xiao
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Qiming Xiao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- Qiming Xiao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Pinhua Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Pinhua Pan
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Pinhua Pan
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Pinhua Pan
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- Pinhua Pan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Chengping Hu
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Chengping Hu
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Chengping Hu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- Chengping Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- Juan Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Juan Jiang
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Juan Jiang
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, China
- Juan Jiang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, China
- Juan Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.912100
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10
Abstract
ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the potential risk factors for small airway dysfunction (SAD) in non-smokers with chronic cough.MethodsNon-smokers with chronic cough who underwent lung function tests at Xiangya Hospital from May 2019 to May 2020 were enrolled, and divided into the derivation and validation cohorts based on their hospital admission time. SAD was determined based on the presence of at least two of the following three indicators of lung function being less than 65% of predicted: maximal mid-expiratory flow, forced expiratory flow at 50% of forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory flow at 75% of FVC. Clinical data of these patients were collected. Risk factors for SAD were identified by logistic regression analysis in the derivation cohort and further confirmed in the validation cohort.ResultsIn total, 316 patients (152 in the non-SAD group and 164 in the SAD group) were included in the derivation cohort. Compared with the non-SAD group, the SAD group had a higher proportion of female patients (82.3 vs. 59.2%, P < 0.001), was more commonly exposed to second-hand smoke (SHS) (61.6 vs. 27.6%, P < 0.001), and tended to be older (median age, 45.5 vs. 40.0 years old, P = 0.004). The median FVC, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) % pred, FEV1/FVC ratio, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) % pred were slightly lower in the SAD group. Multivariable logistic analysis showed that exposure to SHS was an independent risk factor (OR 4.166 [95% CI 2.090–8.302], P < 0.001) for SAD in non-smokers with chronic cough after adjusting for related variables. In the validation cohort (n = 146), patients with SHS exposure had a relative risk of 1.976 (95% CI 1.246–3.135, P = 0.004) for SAD compared to those without SHS exposure. Multivariable logistic analysis consistently confirmed that exposure to SHS was an independent risk factor (OR 3.041 [95% CI 1.458–6.344], P = 0.003) for SAD in non-smokers.ConclusionsExposure to SHS is independently associated with a higher risk of SAD in non-smokers with chronic cough. Reduction in SHS exposure may ameliorate lung function, thus lowering the risk of irreversible airway obstruction.
Keywords
- small airway dysfunction
- second-hand smoke
- chronic cough
- non-smoker
- gender
- environmental tobacco smoke
