Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (Mar 2005)

Fatores de risco associados com infarto agudo do miocárdio na região metropolitana de São Paulo: uma região desenvolvida em um país em desenvolvimento Risk factors associated with acute myocardial infarction in the São Paulo metropolitan region: a developed region in a developing country

  • Álvaro Avezum,
  • Leopoldo Soares Piegas,
  • Júlio César R. Pereira

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0066-782X2005000300003
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 84, no. 3
pp. 206 – 213

Abstract

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OBJETIVO: Identificar os fatores de risco, associados com infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM), com as respectivas forças de associação, na região metropolitana de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Os casos eram pacientes com diagnóstico de primeiro IAM com elevação do segmento ST e os controles eram indivíduos sem doença cardiovascular conhecida. Foram incluídos 271 casos e 282 controles provenientes de 12 hospitais. Os fatores avaliados: raça, escolaridade, estado civil, renda familiar, história familiar de insuficiência coronariana, antecedentes de hipertensão arterial e de diabetes mellitus, reposição hormonal em mulheres, tabagismo, atividade física, consumo de álcool, colesterol total, LDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol, triglicérides e glicose, índice de massa corporal e relação cintura-quadril. RESULTADOS: Os seguintes fatores de risco apresentaram associação independente com IAM: tabagismo (razão de chances [OR]=5,86; intervalo de confiança [IC] 95% 3,25-10,57; pOBJECTIVE: To identify the risk factors associated with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and their respective powers of association in the São Paulo metropolitan region. METHODS: The cases comprised patients diagnosed with first AMI with an ST segment elevation. The controls were individuals with no known cardiovascular disease. The study comprised 271 cases and 282 controls from 12 hospitals. Risk factors were as follows: ethnic group; educational level; marital status; family income; family history of coronary artery disease; antecedents of arterial hypertension and of diabetes mellitus; hormonal replacement in women; smoking; physical activity; alcohol consumption; total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose levels; body mass index; and waist-hip ratio (WHR). RESULTS: The following risk factors showed and independent association with AMI: smoking [odds ratio (OR)=5.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.25-10.57; P < 0.00001); waist-hip ratio (first vs. third tertile) (OR=4.27; 95% CI 2.28-8.00; P<0.00001); antecedents of arterial hypertension (OR=3.26; 95% CI 1.95-5.46; P< 0.00001); waist-hip ratio (first vs second tertile) (OR=3.07; 95% CI 1.66-5.66; P=0.0003); LDL-cholesterol level (OR=2.75; 95% CI 1.45-5.19; P=0.0018); antecedents of diabetes mellitus (OR= 2.51; 95% CI 1.45-5.19; P=0.023); family history of coronary artery disease (OR=2.33; 95% CI 1.44-3.75; P=0.0005); and HDL-cholesterol level (OR=0.53; 95% CI 0.32-0.87; P=0.011). CONCLUSION: Smoking, waist-hip ratio, antecedents of arterial hypertension and of diabetes mellitus, family history of coronary artery disease, and LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels showed to be independently associated with AMI within the São Paulo metropolitan region.

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