Redai dili (Oct 2023)
Grid Scale Measurement of Sustainable Form Elements of New Urban Districts: A Case Study of Yinzhou New Urban Districts
Abstract
After years of high-speed urbanization and rapid expansion, China's economy has gradually transformed into a "new normal," with a new people-oriented urbanization strategy emphasizing spatial quality. In this context, the disjunction between the development of medium- and high-density buildings and low-density human activity, common in the new towns and districts of China, has become increasingly prominent. From the perspective of spatial form, this study proposes that good street accessibility, suitable construction density and architectural form, and sufficient functional mixing are the bases for promoting sustainable urban development. In these studies, the spatial form elements in Yinzhou New Town in Ningbo were measured using spatial syntax, spatial matrix, and mixed function indicators. The results show that (1) the overall coordination ability of the street network in Yinzhou New Town is strong, the local spatial network and global spatial network structure are integrated, and the vitality of the street system in the central area is relatively high; (2) the architectural forms of Yinzhou New City are mainly middle-level slabs and enclosures, low-level enclosures, and high-level slabs. Analysis of density-shape correlation reveals residential areas within the low-level high coverage zones and shielded residential areas in the multi-level high coverage zones, suggesting a need to appropriately enrich multilevel slab or enclosure and high-level enclosure zones, which have strong positive effects on the vitality of New City; (3) The new urban area of Yinzhou is dominated by the single-function large-scale land development mode, with a low proportion of mixed land and only 1.73% thoroughly mixed land (H_A_W); (4) Functional mixing, accessibility, building strength, and form have a high degree of overlap. A total of 64.54% of cells with a high floor area ratio (> 2.2) were clustered in high-accessibility areas, and 50.25% and 85.71% of dual-function and multi-function mixed units, respectively, were clustered in high-accessibility areas. The effect of the mixed function-accessibility association is more obvious when mixed units include public facilities. In the future, the spatial structure represented by street accessibility should be considered the core breakthrough point. On the one hand, we should ensure good street accessibility as a whole; on the other hand, we should organize the arrangement of construction intensity and functions with high accessibility street distribution, emphasize the moderate mixing of urban land, construct diversified urban life, and improve the vitality and sustainability of urban space to simultaneously realize an agglomeration of multiple urban morphological characteristics with positive effects, and finally foster the emergence of urban spaces with high urban vitality. These sustainable spatial form investigation results are helpful for formulating policy suggestions to improve the quality of ecologically sound construction and create spatial vitality through informed planning and design.
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