Solvent-Free Synthesis of Phosphonic Graphene Derivative and Its Application in Mercury Ions Adsorption
Robert Olszewski,
Małgorzata Nadolska,
Marcin Łapiński,
Marta Prześniak-Welenc,
Bartłomiej Michał Cieślik,
Kamila Żelechowska
Affiliations
Robert Olszewski
Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Małgorzata Nadolska
Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Marcin Łapiński
Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Marta Prześniak-Welenc
Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Bartłomiej Michał Cieślik
Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Kamila Żelechowska
Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdansk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Functionalized graphene was efficiently prepared through ball-milling of graphite in the presence of dry ice. In this way, oxygen functional groups were introduced into material. The material was further chemically functionalized to produce graphene derivative with phosphonic groups. The obtained materials were characterized by spectroscopic and microscopic methods, along with thermogravimetric analysis. The newly developed material was used as an efficient mercury adsorbent, showing high adsorption efficiency. The adsorption isotherms were fitted using Freundlich and Langmuir models. The adsorption kinetics were fitted with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order models. Adsorption selectivity was determined in the presence of cadmium ions and nickel ions. The presence of mentioned bivalent ions in the solution did not affect mercury adsorption efficiency.
